Past Cities

Balıkesir, Turkey

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Nestled in the northwestern part of Turkey, Balıkesir is a city of captivating beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture. Its roots can be traced back to ancient times, and throughout its existence, the city has witnessed numerous historical events that have shaped its identity.

Balıkesir's history stretches back to prehistoric times, with evidence of human settlement in the region dating as far back as the Paleolithic era. The area's strategic location, nestled between the Marmara and Aegean Seas, attracted various civilizations. In antiquity, the region was home to Thracian tribes and later witnessed the influence of Lydians, Persians, and Macedonians.

During the Hellenistic period, the city gained significance as a part of the Pergamon Kingdom, ruled by the Attalid dynasty. Following the Roman conquest in the 2nd century BCE, Balıkesir flourished as an important center for trade and commerce. The city, then known as Hadrianutherae, served as a crucial link on the road between Byzantium (later Constantinople) and the Aegean.

With the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Balıkesir became a part of the Byzantine Empire. The city's strategic location made it a frequent target for invasions by various groups, including Arabs, Bulgarians, and Seljuk Turks. During the 11th century, the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum gained control over the region, leaving an indelible mark on Balıkesir's cultural and architectural heritage.

The 14th century witnessed the rise of the Ottoman Empire, and Balıkesir became a significant part of its territorial expansion. In the 15th century, the city experienced a period of growth and prosperity under the reign of Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror. Balıkesir served as a regional administrative center, and its population expanded rapidly.

Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Balıkesir transitioned into the modern era. The city played an active role during the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1922) and witnessed several conflicts as part of the struggle for independence led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. In 1923, the Republic of Turkey was established, and Balıkesir became a province within the newly formed republic.

Balıkesir's population has experienced significant growth over the centuries. As of the latest available data in 2021, the city had an estimated population of approximately 400,000 people. The city's diverse population consists of Turks, Kurds, and other ethnic minorities, contributing to its cultural richness and vibrancy.

The geography of Balıkesir has played a crucial role in shaping its history and development. The city is surrounded by picturesque landscapes, including the Kaz Mountains to the south and the fertile plains of the Biga Peninsula to the west. Its location between the Marmara and Aegean Seas has facilitated trade and transportation throughout history, making Balıkesir an important hub for commerce.